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高举新式“人造肉”的大旗是认真的吗？| Is the Plant-Based Protein Hype for Real?

维根咨询PBC 2019-09-02

亲！等您很久了...

在过去的几个月里，植物性蛋白质产品即“人造肉”进入肉类替代品市场的消息被疯狂提名，同时也吸引了大量的投资者的关注。他们的市场策略不仅针对素食消费者，而且最主要的则是针对肉类爱好者。

与此同时，快餐巨头为了不被排除在外，他们也开始与植物性蛋白质生产商合作，添加新的素食菜单选项。

正如今年4月，汉堡王与Impossible Burger合作，在美国成功推出了素食汉堡，甚至使当地测试市场的客流量增加了18.5%。汉堡王也进一步宣布该产品将会在接下来的几个月里在美国各地推出。。

In the past few months, plant-based protein supplement companies have been hitting the headlines with their new innovations and the large investments they have been attracting from venture capitalists for their entry into the meat alternative products market. Their strategy here is not only targeting the vegetarian consumers but mainly the heavy-meat consumers.

At the same time, global fast-food chains have been busy catching up with this trend and have started partnering with these plant-based protein companies to add new vegetarian options to their menus, to not be left behind in this new fad.

8月初，三明治连锁店赛百味也搭上了这辆素食快车，将于9月份开始在美国和加拿大销售与人造肉制造商Beyond Meat合作的Beyond Meatball Marinara三明治。

In April, Burger King successfully launched its vegetarian Whopper in the US, made with the plant-based Impossible Burger.

The meatless patty boosted foot traffic in its local test markets by 18.5%, as Burger King further announced that the product would be launched nationwide in the following months.

Following this meatless trend, Subway also started testing its plant-based Meatball Marinara Sub in the US & Canada with Beyond Meat in early August, which once again brought vegetable-based meat into people’s attention.

就连肯德基爷爷也于8月27日宣布他们将在亚特兰大测试油炸植物做的鸡块和无骨鸡翅。

Even more recently, KFC announced on August 27th that they were testing fried plant-based nuggets and boneless wings with Beyond Fried Chicken in Atlanta.

但是为什么会有如此突然的炒作呢?素食汉堡真的是这些快餐连锁店的新产品吗?

But why the sudden hype? Are vegetarian burgers really new to these fast food chains?

其实不然——快餐市场对素食和纯素产品的需求并不是最近才出现的现象。为了适应印度等文化敏感市场，全球大部分快餐连锁店都已调整菜单，近一半的菜单上都有素食选项。事实上，早在2012年，麦当劳就在印度北部锡克圣地阿姆利则的金庙附近开设了第一家不含肉类的素食餐厅。

Well not really - the demand for vegetarian and vegan products in the fast food market is not a recent phenomenon. All global fast food chains have adapted their menus to culturally sensitive markets like India, with almost half of their menu loaded with vegetarian options.

In fact McDonalds opened their first meat-free vegetarian-only restaurant near the Golden Temple in the Sikh holy city of Amritsar in northern India way back in 2012.

不仅如此，几百年来，素食肉类食品也一直被用于中国菜中模仿肉类。

Closer home, plant-based foods have been used in Chinese dishes to mimic meat for hundreds of years.

早在唐朝（公元618年至907年），在一位官员举办的宴会上，就出现了蔬菜做成的仿猪肉和羊肉。

Started in the Tang dynasty, which is 618 to 907, an official hosted a banquet serving imitation pork and mutton dishes made from vegetables.

随后在13世纪，也是中国烹饪和烹饪发展的伟大时期之一，南宋都城(今杭州)就有许多受佛教文化影响的素食餐馆。

In the 13th century, which is one of the great periods of Chinese gastronomy and culinary development, there were restaurants in the southern Song dynasty capital (today's Hangzhou), where vegetarian dishes were served according to Buddhist cultures.

直到今日在上海，像素鸡和素烤鸭等受欢迎的菜肴经常在当地餐馆供应，令外国美食学者大开眼界。

Till this date, in Shanghai, popular dishes like tofu “chicken” and roast “duck” are often served among local restaurants. Roast “duck”, in particular, is made from very thin layers of tofu skin which are bathed in adelicious seasoning sauce, and they're rolled up and steamed then deep-fried.

“这种烤鸭是由非常薄的豆腐皮做成的，上面浸泡着美味的调味酱，然后卷起来蒸熟再油炸。最终的成品是一层金黄酥脆的表皮，看起来很像烤鸭或鹅肉，给它一种很像肉的稠度。”

“The end result has a golden crisp skin that looks rather like roast duck or goose, and gives it a consistency quite like meat.”

就连传统的印尼豆制品天贝(tempeh)，也是由发酵的大豆制成的，而发酵的大豆也一种已经存在了几个世纪之久的饱受欢迎的肉类替代品。

Even tempeh, a traditional Indonesian soy product, that is made from fermented soybeans which is a popular meat replacement has been around for centuries.

那么现在问题来了：为什么要百经周折来烹饪一些只是尝起来像肉的食物呢?

So, coming back to the main question – why go to so much trouble to just to cook something that only taste like meat but isn’t?

答案很简单。

素食主义不仅有利于我们的健康，预防无数的疾病，更是有利于我们的环境，大大减少我们的碳足迹。

The answer is simple.

Switching into a vegetarian diet not only benefits our health preventing countless diseases, but also benefits our environment by reducing our carbon footprints.

比如说，一顿素食可以:

每天减少1300公升的用水量
每年减少1.5吨二氧化碳排放
腾出更多的土地来种庄稼供人食用

For example, a vegan diet can:

Reduce your water consumption by 1300 liters per day
Reduce your CO2 emissions by 1.5 tons per year
Free up precious land to grow crops for human consumption

牛羊不仅是温室气体甲烷的生产者，它们更需要大量的土地、谷物和大量的水来维持。

Cattle are not only producers of the greenhouse gas Methane, but they require a lot of land, grains, and massive quantities of water to maintain.

你知道制作一个汉堡中的牛肉就需要近2500升水吗?

Did you know that one hamburger needs around 2500 liters of water just to make the beef patty ?

选择以蔬菜为基础的肉类，你可以通过避免过度使用水、谷物、土地和其他有价值的资源来减少你的碳足迹。

再说了，我们的身体根本不需要我们的日常饮食中大量的肉。

Choosing vegetable-based meat, instead, you can reduce your carbon footprint by avoiding the overuse of water, grains, land, and other valuable resources.

Moreover, our bodies do not even need these massive proportions of meat in our daily meals.

所以在下次在点一顿肉类大餐之前是否应该三思呢？

So next time, think twice before ordering a heavy meat-based meal.

如果你喜欢在家做饭，你可以每天慢慢减少煮的肉量，试着做更多种类的蔬菜也一样能做到美味佳肴~

每次只需经过一点点的努力，减少肉类的消费应该不是一件大事!

If you enjoy cooking at home, slowly reduce the amount of meat you cook each day and try to have more varieties of vegetables can provide you with just the same amount of food satisfaction over a meal.

With just a little bit of effort each time, cutting down your meat consumption should not be a huge deal!

如果你担心蛋白质摄取量不够的话，或许可以尝试一些像菠菜，豆芽菜这样的高蛋白蔬菜?

别忘了我们小时候“不吃完碗里的蔬菜就不能看电视”的规矩呀~

If you are worried about your protein intake, why not add more high-protein vegetables such as spinach and sprouts to your diet?

Have we all forgottn the saying of “finish you vegetables or you don’t get tv” that we were so used to while growing up?